Proper installation of a GEC is essential for safety and must adhere to local and national electrical codes, such as the National Electrical Code (NEC) in the United States.

1. Select the Grounding Electrode: The first step is to choose an appropriate grounding electrode. Common types include:

   • Ground Rods: Typically 8 feet (2.4m) long, copper-clad steel rods driven vertically into the earth.

   • Building Steel: The metal frame of a building that has a minimum of 10 feet in direct contact with the ground.

   • Concrete-Encased Electrodes (Ufer Grounds): A minimum of 20 feet of bare copper conductor or steel rebar encased in a building's concrete foundation.

   • Metal underground Water Pipe: A pipe with at least 10 feet in direct contact with the earth. If used, this must be supplemented with an additional electrode, such as a ground rod.

2. Size the Conductor: The GEC's size must be carefully selected based on the size of the service-entrance conductors, as specified in the NEC (e.g., Table 250.66). Using a conductor that is too small can prevent the system from safely handling a fault current.

3. Route and Protect the Conductor: The GEC should be installed in a single, continuous length without splices or joints. It must be securely fastened to the surface on which it's run and protected from physical damage, especially in areas where it's exposed. For example, a smaller conductor (e.g., #6 AWG) may require protection in a conduit, while larger conductors may not.

4. Connect to the Electrode: The GEC must be connected to the grounding electrode using a listed, non-corrosive clamp or fitting. These connections must be made securely to ensure a solid, low-resistance bond.